Philippus Aureolus Paracelsus
1493—1541
Swiss alchemist and
physician
Called father of
toxicology
Famous quote,
“The dose makes the
poison”
meaning amount of
poison
contributes to its
effects
Basis of dose response
assessment
observing adverse
effect in animals
of various dose levels
and calculating an
equivalent dose
for humans
Journeyed to Middle
East
to study with
alchemists
Won fame in Europe
for new medical
treatments
when he returned
Common practice was
to cauterize wounds
with boiling oil
or amputate wounded
limbs
after they became
gangrenous
Paracelsus believed
wounds
would heal if allowed
to drain
and kept from becoming
infected
He rejected magic
theories
of other alchemists
Pioneered use of
chemicals
and minerals in
medicine
Coined the word
“alcohol”
Named the element
“zinc”
based on German word
for “sharp”
because of shape of
its crystals
Used experimentation
to learn
about the
human body
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MEMORY TRIGGERS
Swiss__________________________________
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alchemist_______________________________
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physician_______________________________
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toxicology_______________________________
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dose response
assessment___________________
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new medical
treatments____________________
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cauterize________________________________
_______________________________________
drain___________________________________
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magic__________________________________
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chemicals_______________________________
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alcohol_________________________________
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zinc____________________________________
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